{"id":2770,"date":"2020-10-19T12:08:59","date_gmt":"2020-10-19T16:08:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www2.law.temple.edu\/aer\/?p=2770"},"modified":"2021-12-16T14:56:32","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T14:56:32","slug":"learning-from-mistakes-incoherent-openings-dont-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2020\/10\/19\/learning-from-mistakes-incoherent-openings-dont-work\/","title":{"rendered":"LEARNING FROM MISTAKES &#8211; INCOHERENT OPENINGS DON&#8217;T WORK"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The stronger and more compelling the case against a criminal defendant, the more cohesive the picture of guilt painted by the prosecution in opening statement, the more defense counsel must have something coherent to say in response \u2013 an alternate story, a more complete story, or an attack on the veracity and integrity of the prosecution\u2019s tale.\u00a0 When none of those is provided, the opening statement becomes an act of surrender.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2773\" src=\"https:\/\/law-dev.temple.edu\/aer\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/08\/INCOHERENT.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Consider this circumstantial evidence murder trial.\u00a0 A man walking on the street was shot by someone in a car.\u00a0 The evidence against the accused was compelling if slightly indirect:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The car, abandoned immediately after the shooting, belonged to the defendant\u2019s family;<\/li>\n<li>More than one eyewitness saw the defendant driving the car up to the time of the shooting, around and around the block, with another person in the passenger seat;<\/li>\n<li>The defendant\u2019s fingerprint was on the magazine of the murder weapon, itself recovered from the car;<\/li>\n<li>Cell tower records showed the defendant\u2019s phone to be in the vicinity of the shooting until immediately after the crime, when it showed movement away from the scene;<\/li>\n<li>The defendant remained a fugitive; and<\/li>\n<li>When finally caught, he was hiding behind furniture and underneath clothing in the house police found him in.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>When the police recovered the car within minutes, only the codefendant was there.\u00a0 All that was missing from the proof was a witness who could say which person in the car actually fired the shot.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps it must be said that mounting a defense in such circumstances is an Herculean tsk if not a futile one.\u00a0 But what followed was something so incoherent as to be \u2013 in this reader\u2019s view \u2013 an abject surrender.\u00a0 Here are excerpts:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>It&#8217; <\/strong><strong>s an honor to be here with you.\u00a0 It&#8217; s an honor to be able to spend the week with you and a particular honor to be able to speak with you, because not everything is as it seems.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Things <\/strong><strong>may <\/strong><strong>be <\/strong><strong>perceived <\/strong><strong>or <\/strong><strong>I may think I see something, I conclude and piece together something, it seems to me to be a certain way.\u00a0 I have a certain bias and experience.\u00a0 [The prosecutor] is the same as me.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>And <\/strong><strong>from <\/strong><strong>her <\/strong><strong>perspective, <\/strong><strong>an<\/strong> <strong>eyewitness <\/strong><strong>identified my client.\u00a0 He\u2019s the driver.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>He<\/strong> <strong>was<\/strong> <strong>there.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>She <\/strong><strong>doesn&#8217;<\/strong><strong>t\u00a0 \u00a0know him.\u00a0 [My client] has always had dark brown hair just like he has now.\u00a0 The eyewitness said that person has sandy hair. The eyewitness did not identify [my client] from the district attorney&#8217; s perspective.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Well, <\/strong><strong>how <\/strong><strong>do we <\/strong><strong>get <\/strong><strong>an <\/strong><strong>ID?\u00a0 She <\/strong><strong>must&#8217;<\/strong><strong>ve <\/strong><strong>pointed <\/strong><strong>to<\/strong> <strong>a picture.\u00a0 And so she did from their perspective, as they see it, as it may seem to them, to the government.\u00a0 This eyewitness said, in addition to the sandy hair, he was light- skin and the other person in\u00a0 the car was darker- skin.\u00a0 So the police show six photographs from what they want to seem and appear.\u00a0 They show one of the photographs of a man who is light- skin. The others are darker.\u00a0 Of course she picks that picture.\u00a0 That picture doesn&#8217;t have sandy blond hair.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 She had no choice.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>From <\/strong><strong>the <\/strong><strong>DA&#8217; <\/strong><strong>s perspective and the way she presented it to you, it might have seemed, \u00a0as she told you, the eyewitness said he&#8217;s the driver.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Then did you notice real quick, Honda going down, right away, fleeing the area, fired 10 shots, houses with people living, you&#8217;re getting the hell out of there.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>So <\/strong><strong>how did <\/strong><strong>the codefendant <\/strong><strong>get <\/strong><strong>in <\/strong><strong>that <\/strong><strong>driver&#8217;<\/strong> <strong>s seat?\u00a0 He&#8217;s \u00a0the driver.\u00a0 How did [he like the witnesses said, cars sped down, stay down, unless he\u00a0 somehow turned to Superman, went to the CVS, dyed his hair sandy \u00a0blond, flew out of the car\u2026It&#8217; s not a bench seat, flew over, drove 19 that car suddenly down. That&#8217; s not\u00a0 possible.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>I<\/strong><strong>t&#8217;<\/strong><strong>s not as she appeared.\u00a0 It&#8217; s not as it seems.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>I am obviously going to ask you, as the Judge did, to \u00a0be fair.\u00a0 I give you one example.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>This <\/strong><strong>morning, <\/strong><strong>this <\/strong><strong>is <\/strong><strong>actually <\/strong><strong>true, <\/strong><strong>I had a very different opening prepared. I was walking to work and I have to walk through one of our city parks to do that.\u00a0 As I was doing it, there&#8217;s \u00a0a guy stumbling around. I saw a phone.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>He <\/strong><strong>looked<\/strong> <strong>to<\/strong> <strong>me<\/strong> <strong>like<\/strong> <strong>someone<\/strong> <strong>that<\/strong> <strong>does<\/strong> <strong>heroin.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>He <\/strong><strong>looks <\/strong><strong>like <\/strong><strong>he\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>was <\/strong><strong>on <\/strong><strong>dope,<\/strong> <strong>a junkie.\u00a0 I&#8217; m thinking, Oh, man, there&#8217; s people trying to get to work and trying to\u00a0 walk around him.\u00a0 I&#8217; m like, Oh, man, another one.\u00a0 Here I have to go to work and he&#8217; s\u00a0 just \u00a0doing that.\u00a0 So I&#8217; m walking and everything about him looked like the way he was dressed, he was disheveled, he was thin, skinny.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>As <\/strong><strong>I got closer, he \u00a0\u00a0walked out of the paved area and put something down by a\u00a0 tree.\u00a0 Now, just happened I got to that as he was, and he said, It&#8217; s now going to be a butterfly.\u00a0 I\u00a0 said, That was nice. He said, I \u00a0tried.\u00a0 What a beautiful way to\u00a0 start the day.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>I\u00a0 share that with you.\u00a0 I hope your day is beautiful and I hope you will try just like he did.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thank you.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Perhaps there is a reasonable doubt in hair and skin color, although not without a mention of who owns the car.\u00a0 Perhaps there is something in a story of misjudgment and misperception that can urge caution upon a jury.\u00a0 But \u201cIt\u2019s now going to be a butterfly?\u201d\u00a0 \u201cHave a nice day?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>What might have happened here (since something clearly did)?\u00a0 Did the codefendant take the defendant\u2019s family\u2019s car?\u00a0 Was there only one person in the vehicle?\u00a0 How was the defendant\u2019s phone being tracked as in the same location as the homicide?\u00a0 Why did he flee if he was innocent?\u00a0 Each of these questions begs and invites a story.\u00a0 All we got is this must be wrong because of hair color and skin tone, without even a homage to the principle of proof beyond a reasonable doubt?<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps in this wanna-be orator\u2019s mind this was a seamless tale of human error and the fallibility of perception. But not to anyone outside of the speaker\u2019s brain.\u00a0 This was incoherence, and incoherence is no strategy for an opening statement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The stronger and more compelling the case against a criminal defendant, the more cohesive the picture of guilt painted by the prosecution in opening statement, the more defense counsel must have something coherent to say in response \u2013 an alternate story, a more complete story, or an attack on the veracity and integrity of the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"generate_page_header":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3,6,11],"tags":[],"coauthors":[238],"class_list":["post-2770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-advocacy","category-advocacy-and-evidence-blog","category-criminal-law","category-trial-advocacy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>LEARNING FROM MISTAKES - INCOHERENT OPENINGS DON&#039;T WORK - Advocacy and Evidence Resources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When an opening statement is incoherent to everyone except the presenter, it becomes an act of surrender.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2020\/10\/19\/learning-from-mistakes-incoherent-openings-dont-work\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LEARNING FROM MISTAKES - INCOHERENT OPENINGS DON&#039;T WORK - Advocacy and Evidence Resources\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When an opening statement is incoherent to everyone except the presenter, it becomes an act of surrender.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2020\/10\/19\/learning-from-mistakes-incoherent-openings-dont-work\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Advocacy and Evidence Resources\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-10-19T16:08:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-12-16T14:56:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2020\/08\/INCOHERENT.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"168\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jules M Epstein (hehimhis)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jules M Epstein (hehimhis)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2020\/10\/19\/learning-from-mistakes-incoherent-openings-dont-work\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2020\/10\/19\/learning-from-mistakes-incoherent-openings-dont-work\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jules M Epstein (hehimhis)\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/#\/schema\/person\/ebe47f403ad14e2c5faec834f2d8472e\"},\"headline\":\"LEARNING FROM MISTAKES &#8211; 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