{"id":2062,"date":"2017-10-22T10:38:45","date_gmt":"2017-10-22T14:38:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www2.law.temple.edu\/aer\/?p=2062"},"modified":"2021-12-16T14:57:52","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T14:57:52","slug":"2062-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2017\/10\/22\/2062-2\/","title":{"rendered":"BAD LAWYERING: A FEW “BAD APPLES” OR A SYSTEMS FAILURE?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Two recent reports confirmed what experience has shown.\u00a0 Bad lawyering in criminal cases is to be blamed not merely on individual attorneys – the proverbial “few bad apples” –\u00a0 but on a systemic tolerance of underperforming.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

This was brought home, first, when a federal judge in Maine concluded that a criminal conviction would not be overturned even though defense counsel was disciplined precisely for poor representation in that case.\u00a0 The report of the Maine BOARD OF OVERSEERS detailed counsel\u2019s failures:<\/p>\n

Attorney Hanson has acknowledged various errors on his part in relation to his representation of Mark Theriault. He understands and agrees that he did not utilize the court-approved private investigator to independently investigate the case or to pursue the areas of investigation suggested by his client prior to the trial. He understands and agrees that he did not spend sufficient time with his client to prepare him for the trial, or to make his decision regarding whether he would testify. He also understands and agrees that he did not request additional time to prepare his case for sentencing, or to prepare his client and the other witnesses for the sentencing proceeding.<\/p>\n

Then why no relief?\u00a0 As the federal judge explained, \u201cattorneys can fall short of the local rules of professional conduct, subjecting them to discipline, without necessarily being so deficient that their performance undermined the reliability of the trial.\u201d\u00a0 Theriault v. Maine<\/u>, No. 1:16-cv-00576-JAW, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 140469, at *30 (D. Me. Aug. 31, 2017).\u00a0 In other words, the Sixth Amendment provides relief only when there is a reasonable likelihood that without counsel\u2019s errors the outcome might have been different.\u00a0 A lawyer may be terrible, yet relief may be denied on a \u2018no harm, no foul\u2019 basis.<\/p>\n

Just as the Sixth Amendment provides no relief for many attorney deficiencies, so too is there a failure in disciplinary processes.\u00a0 Bar discipline proceedings don\u2019t improve lawyering, perhaps in part because they are so rarely applied to criminal defense lawyers and prosecutors.\u00a0 See, e.g., James S. Liebman, The Overproduction of Death, 100 COLUM. L. REV. 2030, 2121-122 (2000)<\/a> (“Bar discipline is almost nonexistent; prosecution for malfeasance is all-but-unheard-of and always unsuccessful in the rare instances in which it occurs.”).<\/p>\n

The failure to discipline or otherwise enforce standards of quality representation persists.\u00a0 \u201cThe State Bar Associations could also do a better job of ensuring that criminal defense attorneys provide adequate representation.\u201d\u00a0 SYMPOSIUM ARTICLE: The Illusory Right to Counsel, 37 Ohio N.U.L. Rev. 597, 620 (2011). \u00a0The result?\u00a0 \u201cAlthough unsettling, it is intellectually easy to explain why criminal defense lawyering is lacking: (1) ineffective assistance of counsel claims are difficult to win; (2) criminal malpractice claims are even more difficult to win; and (3) referrals to appropriate disciplinary bodies are both infrequent and unsuccessful.\u201d\u00a0 The (So-Called) Liability of Criminal Defense Attorneys: A System in Need of Reform, 2002 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 1, 5.<\/p>\n

This system failure has a strange mirror image in a case from Utah where a court declined to ensure that adequate representation would be provided.\u00a0 In a capital case, post-conviction counsel Samuel Newton had to move to withdraw from the case, just days before a scheduled evidentiary hearing, as reported in a new account, the lawyer moved to withdraw from the case because<\/p>\n

the hearing would require hundreds of hours of investigation and preparation, which he estimated would cost more that $37,000. The county, however, had authorized payment of only $15,000. The attorney said concerns about inadequate pay on Lovell\u2019s case and another death penalty appeal was causing him stress-related heart problems.<\/p>\n

The solution?\u00a0 Not to pay the lawyer for the time needed but instead to declare this a \u201cconflict,\u201d remove counsel, and appoint someone new (and, presumably, someone who would not put in hours that would exceed the cap).\u00a0 And the death row client?\u00a0 Before the removal of counsel, the inmate had \u201ctyped two letters to the judge, pleading with him to keep Newton on the case and asking the judge to order Weber County to renegotiate Newton\u2019s contract.\u201d\u00a0 As the inmate elaborated in a letter to the court, \u201c[f]or the first time, I got an attorney who represented me to the fullest.\u201d\u00a0 http:\/\/www.sltrib.com\/news\/2017\/09\/02\/appellate-attorney-withdraws-from-utah-death-penalty-case-saying-i-had-to-choose-between-financially-supporting-family-or-representing-douglas-lovell\/<\/a><\/p>\n

These instances confirm that bad lawyering is not a \u201cfew bad apples\u201d problem.\u00a0 This is a systems failure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Two recent reports confirmed what experience has shown.\u00a0 Bad lawyering in criminal cases is to be blamed not merely on individual attorneys – the proverbial “few bad apples” –\u00a0 but on a systemic tolerance of underperforming. This was brought home, first, when a federal judge in Maine concluded that a criminal conviction would not be<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"generate_page_header":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3,6,11],"tags":[],"coauthors":[238],"class_list":["post-2062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-advocacy","category-advocacy-and-evidence-blog","category-criminal-law","category-trial-advocacy"],"yoast_head":"\nBAD LAWYERING: A FEW "BAD APPLES" OR A SYSTEMS FAILURE? - Advocacy and Evidence Resources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bad lawyering in criminal cases is to be blamed not merely on the proverbial "few bad apples" but on a systemic tolerance of under-performing.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/aer\/2017\/10\/22\/2062-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"BAD LAWYERING: A FEW "BAD APPLES" OR A SYSTEMS FAILURE? 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