{"id":1992,"date":"2019-09-13T09:28:52","date_gmt":"2019-09-13T13:28:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www2.law.temple.edu\/10q\/?p=1992"},"modified":"2019-09-13T09:28:52","modified_gmt":"2019-09-13T13:28:52","slug":"federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/","title":{"rendered":"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims"},"content":{"rendered":"

In response to the #MeToo movement, New York State has led the way in enacting legislation to expand employee rights to file and recover for sexual harassment claims.<\/p>\n

In 2018<\/a>, New York enacted sweeping changes to the New York State Human Rights Law (NYSHRL) that included barring the use of mandatory arbitration agreements \u201cto resolve any allegation or claim of an unlawful discriminatory practice of sexual harassment.\u201d The statute further provided that, \u201c[e]xcept where inconsistent with federal law,\u201d no written contract shall include a mandatory arbitration provision to resolve sexual harassment claims.<\/p>\n

The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York recently held that state laws, such as this one, which prohibit arbitration, are preempted by the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA). In Latif v. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC.<\/em><\/a>, plaintiff signed an offer letter that included an agreement requiring arbitration of any discrimination, harassment, and retaliation claims. After termination, plaintiff filed a lawsuit, which included allegations of sexual harassment. In response, the defendant filed a motion to compel arbitration.<\/p>\n

Relying on U.S. Supreme Court precedent, the court held that the FAA \u201csets forth a strong presumption that arbitration agreements are enforceable and this presumption is not displaced\u201d by the state law in question. Section 2 of the FAA, the \u201csavings clause,\u201d invalidates arbitration agreements \u201cupon such grounds as exist at law or in equity for the revocation of any contract.\u201d The court reasoned that this caveat to enforcement is not applicable to the state law at issue, adding that the FAA only recognizes defenses such as fraud or duress, which would apply in any contract litigation. Further, the court explained that the FAA strongly favors enforcement of arbitration agreements, reiterating that the federal statute \u201cis not easily displaced by state law.\u201d<\/p>\n

The amendments to the NYSHRL created significant uncertainty for employers with arbitration protocols to resolve these types of cases. This decision provides much-needed clarity in limiting the scope of the new law.<\/p>\n

The decision in Latif <\/em>also casts doubt on more recent New York legislation, passed in June 2019, which sought to expand the prohibition on the use of mandatory arbitration agreements for all discrimination, harassment, or retaliation claims. According to the court, this legislation also is likely preempted by the FAA.<\/p>\n

An <\/em>earlier version<\/em><\/a> of this article was originally published on Ballard Spahr\u2019s Alerts & Publications. <\/em><\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/em>Mark J. Levin is a partner in the Litigation Department of national law firm Ballard Spahr. Mark is known for his work in complex commercial, insurance, and class-action litigation, with particular experience in consumer finance litigation. He also focuses on the structuring and enforcement of consumer arbitration clauses.<\/em><\/p>\n

Marjorie J. Peerce is a partner in Ballard Spahr\u2019s Litigation Department. Based in the firm\u2019s New York City office, she focuses on complex civil and criminal litigation, including white collar defense and securities-related cases. She also advises on regulatory compliance across numerous areas and industries, including Title IX, immigration hiring, blockchain technology, and cryptocurrency.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Steven W. Suflas is a partner in Ballard Spahr\u2019s Labor and Employment Group. A nationally recognized thought leader, Steve represents management in all phases of labor and employment matters\u2014from preventative counseling and strategic guidance to collective bargaining, appearances before regulatory agencies, and litigation before courts and administrative agencies.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Elliot I. Griffin (LAW \u201918) is an associate in Ballard Spahr\u2019s Labor and Employment Group who earned her J.D. from Temple University James E. Beasley School of Law. She has experience with a range of employment-related issues, from day-to-day workplace policy matters to collective bargaining to defense of a variety of claims against employers.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York has held that the Federal Arbitration Act preempts state laws that prohibit mandatory arbitration of sexual harassment claims.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1996,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,70],"tags":[738,1362,586,704,1363,1364,254,1365,1366,1367,395,767,1137,1368,342,1369,1370],"coauthors":[1360,1361,2,701,1359],"class_list":["post-1992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alumni-authored","category-labor-and-employment","tag-metoo","tag-district-court","tag-faa","tag-federal-arbitration-act","tag-latif-v-morgan-stanley-co-llc","tag-mandatory-arbitration","tag-new-york","tag-new-york-state-human-rights-law","tag-ny-supreme-court","tag-nyshrl","tag-scotus","tag-sexual-harrassment","tag-southern-district-of-new-york","tag-state-law","tag-supreme-court","tag-uncertainty","tag-us-district-court","masonry-post","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"yoast_head":"\nFederal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims - The Temple 10-Q<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims - The Temple 10-Q\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York has held that the Federal Arbitration Act preempts state laws that prohibit mandatory arbitration of sexual harassment claims.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Temple 10-Q\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-13T13:28:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Steven W. Suflas, Elliot I. Griffin (LAW \u201918), Books Schatschneider, Mark J. Levin, Marjorie J. Peerce\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Steven W. Suflas, Elliot I. Griffin (LAW \u201918), Books Schatschneider, Mark J. Levin, Marjorie J. Peerce\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Books Schatschneider\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#\/schema\/person\/23e7012f0cf133dbeb0e76693c9e0154\"},\"headline\":\"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-13T13:28:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\"},\"wordCount\":617,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"#Metoo\",\"District Court\",\"FAA\",\"Federal Arbitration Act\",\"Latif v. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC.\",\"Mandatory Arbitration\",\"New York\",\"New York State Human Rights Law\",\"NY Supreme Court\",\"NYSHRL\",\"SCOTUS\",\"Sexual Harrassment\",\"Southern District of New York\",\"State Law\",\"Supreme Court\",\"Uncertainty\",\"US District Court\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Alumni Authored\",\"Labor and Employment\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\",\"name\":\"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims - The Temple 10-Q\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-13T13:28:52+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#\/schema\/person\/23e7012f0cf133dbeb0e76693c9e0154\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1707},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/\",\"name\":\"The Temple 10-Q\",\"description\":\"Temple's Business Law Magazine\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#\/schema\/person\/23e7012f0cf133dbeb0e76693c9e0154\",\"name\":\"Books Schatschneider\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/62b6c5fa1068c42262dab498d74cb3fc60fbba8344047dc13348bd3aacf7b70a?s=96&d=mm&r=g9dc77189f33a293d2c82a50cd24ebb9f\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/62b6c5fa1068c42262dab498d74cb3fc60fbba8344047dc13348bd3aacf7b70a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/62b6c5fa1068c42262dab498d74cb3fc60fbba8344047dc13348bd3aacf7b70a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Books Schatschneider\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/author\/rschatsc\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims - The Temple 10-Q","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims - The Temple 10-Q","og_description":"The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York has held that the Federal Arbitration Act preempts state laws that prohibit mandatory arbitration of sexual harassment claims.","og_url":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/","og_site_name":"The Temple 10-Q","article_published_time":"2019-09-13T13:28:52+00:00","author":"Steven W. Suflas, Elliot I. Griffin (LAW \u201918), Books Schatschneider, Mark J. Levin, Marjorie J. Peerce","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Steven W. Suflas, Elliot I. Griffin (LAW \u201918), Books Schatschneider, Mark J. Levin, Marjorie J. Peerce","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/"},"author":{"name":"Books Schatschneider","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#\/schema\/person\/23e7012f0cf133dbeb0e76693c9e0154"},"headline":"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims","datePublished":"2019-09-13T13:28:52+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/"},"wordCount":617,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg","keywords":["#Metoo","District Court","FAA","Federal Arbitration Act","Latif v. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC.","Mandatory Arbitration","New York","New York State Human Rights Law","NY Supreme Court","NYSHRL","SCOTUS","Sexual Harrassment","Southern District of New York","State Law","Supreme Court","Uncertainty","US District Court"],"articleSection":["Alumni Authored","Labor and Employment"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/","url":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/","name":"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims - The Temple 10-Q","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg","datePublished":"2019-09-13T13:28:52+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#\/schema\/person\/23e7012f0cf133dbeb0e76693c9e0154"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":1707},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/federal-court-rules-that-the-faa-preempts-new-york-law-prohibiting-mandatory-arbitration-of-sexual-harassment-claims\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Federal Court Rules that the FAA Preempts New York Law Prohibiting Mandatory Arbitration of Sexual Harassment Claims"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#website","url":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/","name":"The Temple 10-Q","description":"Temple's Business Law Magazine","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/#\/schema\/person\/23e7012f0cf133dbeb0e76693c9e0154","name":"Books Schatschneider","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/62b6c5fa1068c42262dab498d74cb3fc60fbba8344047dc13348bd3aacf7b70a?s=96&d=mm&r=g9dc77189f33a293d2c82a50cd24ebb9f","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/62b6c5fa1068c42262dab498d74cb3fc60fbba8344047dc13348bd3aacf7b70a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/62b6c5fa1068c42262dab498d74cb3fc60fbba8344047dc13348bd3aacf7b70a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Books Schatschneider"},"url":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/author\/rschatsc\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2019\/09\/mihai-surdu-DeI2BMIMDFA-unsplash-scaled.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1992\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1992"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.temple.edu\/10q\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=1992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}